What are EPCs, and why are they important?

An EPC provides a snapshot of a building’s yearly operational energy performance by measuring energy consumption per square metre per year. This is shown in a colour-coded score from A-G, like the energy labels you would find on appliances.

In the same way that drivers check the fuel consumption of a car before renting or buying it, knowing the energy performance of a building empowers potential buyers or tenants to make a more informed decision.

Made effective in 2020, the EPC Regulations state that buildings will need to display their EPC by December 2025.

Knowing the energy performance of a building empowers potential buyers and tenants to make informed decisions. Once inefficiencies are identified, improvements can be made by building owners. It is hoped that this will be a great boost for energy efficiency in South Africa, since the first step toward lowering energy consumption is knowing energy consumption.

The requirement comes from the National Energy Act (Act 34 of 2008) and the associated Regulations for the Mandatory Display and Submission of Energy Performance Certificates for Buildings, enforced by the Department of Mineral Resources and Energy (DMRE).

Under the updated regulations (effective December 2025):

1. Private-sector buildings of 2 000 m² or more

If used for:

• Offices
• Education
• Public gatherings You must display a valid EPC at the building entrance.

Government-owned buildings of 1 000 m² or more

All qualifying government buildings must also display an EPC.

Severe penalties for non-compliance

Failing to display a valid EPC can result in:

• Up to 5 years imprisonment, or
• A fine of up to R5 million

These penalties are written directly into the enforcement provisions of the National Energy Act.